@Article{OgashawaraBast:2012:QuApAn,
               author = "Ogashawara, Igor and Bastos, Vanessa da Silva Brum",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "A Quantitative Approach for Analyzing the Relationship between 
                         Urban Heat Islands and Land Cover",
              journal = "Remote Sensing",
                 year = "2012",
               volume = "4",
               number = "11",
                pages = "3596--3618",
             keywords = ": heat island, land cover, brightness temperature, correlation 
                         matrix, NDVI, NDBI, NDWI.",
             abstract = "With more than 80% of Brazilians living in cities, urbanization 
                         has had an important impact on climatic variations. S{\~a}o 
                         Jos{\'e} dos Campos is located in a region experiencing rapid 
                         urbanization, which has produced a remarkable Urban Heat Island 
                         (UHI) effect. This effect influences the climate, environment and 
                         socio-economic development on a regional scale. In this study, the 
                         brightness temperatures and land cover types from Landsat TM 
                         images of S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos from 1986, 2001 and 2010 
                         were analyzed for the spatial distribution of changes in 
                         temperature and land cover. A quantitative approach was used to 
                         explore the relationships among temperature, land cover areas and 
                         several indices, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation 
                         Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and 
                         Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). The results showed 
                         that urban and bare areas correlated positively with high 
                         temperatures. Conversely, areas covered in vegetation and water 
                         correlated positively with low temperatures. The indices showed 
                         that correlations between the NDVI and NDWI and temperature were 
                         low (<0.5); however, a moderate correlation was found between the 
                         NDBI and temperature.",
                  doi = "10.3390/rs4113596",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs4113596",
                 issn = "2072-4292",
                label = "lattes: 7413318739396387 2 OgashawaraBast:2012:QuApAn",
             language = "en",
        urlaccessdate = "30 abr. 2024"
}